A 45 Gun - The M1911 (Colt 1911 or Colt Governor) is a chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge.
The official US military designation of the pistol since 1940 is Automatic Pistol, Caliber .45, M1911 for the original model adopted in March 1911, and Caliber .45, M1911A1 for the improved M1911A1 model that entered service in 1926. During the Vietnam War, the pistol, .45 Caliber, Automatic, was modified to the M1911A1.
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The M1911 designed by John Browning is best known for its use of the short throw principle in its design. The pistol was widely copied and this operating system became the dominant type of the 20th century and almost all modern Cterfire pistols. It is popular with civilian shooters in competitive events such as the International Handgun Association and the International Practical Shooting Confederation.
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The US Army purchased approximately 2.7 million M1911 and M1911A1 pistols during its service. The pistol served as the standard weapon of the United States Armed Forces from 1911 to 1985. It was used extensively in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The M1911A1 was replaced by the 9mm Beretta M9 pistol as the US Army's standard-issue pistol in 1985. However, the US Army did not replace the M1911A1 with the Beretta M9 until October 1986, and due to the popularity of the M1911, it has not yet been completely discontinued. Modernized versions of the M1911 are still in use by the US Army Special Forces, the US Marine Corps, and the US Navy.
The M1911 pistol originated in the late 1890s as a result of the search for a self-loading (or semi-automatic) pistol.
US Introduces New Firearm at Fomal Price; This decade saw the introduction of several new pistols and two new rifles (the M1892/96/98 Krag and the M1895 Navy Lee), as well as Colt and Smith & Wesson revolvers for the Army and Navy. The next decade would see a similar pace, with the introduction of several more revolvers and the pursuit of a self-loading pistol, culminating in the official introduction of the M1911 after the turn of the decade.
Hiram S. Maxim developed a self-loading rifle in the 1880s, but was primarily concerned with machine guns. Nevertheless, the use of the cartridge energy reloading principle led to several self-loading pistols in 1896. The designs have attracted the attention of various militaries, each of which has launched programs tailored to their respective armed forces. In the United States, such a program would lead to formal testing in the early 20th century.
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In late 1899 and early 1900, self-loading pistols were tested, including the Mauser (C96 "Broomhandle"), the Mannlicher (Mannlicher M1894), and the Colt (Colt M1900).
This led to the purchase of 1000 DWM Luger pistols chambered in 7.65mm Luger, a bottle cartridge. During field tests, they encountered several problems, especially with braking power. Other governments have made similar complaints. As a result, DWM produced a larger version of the cartridge, the 9×19mm Parabellum (known in modern military jargon as the 9×19mm NATO), a necked down version of the 7.65mm cartridge. 50 of these were also tested by the US Army in 1903.
American units fighting Tausūg guerrillas in the Moro rebellion in Sulu during the Philippine-American War found the .38 Long Colt revolver unsuitable for jungle warfare, especially in stopping power. because the Moros had high spirits and often used drugs to relieve pain.
The US Army briefly reverted to the M1873 .45 Colt caliber single-action revolver, which was the standard in the late 19th century. A heavier bullet was found to be more effective than targeting tribalism.
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The problems allowed Warrant Officer Gerald William Crozier to test the new service pistol.
1904 After testing the effectiveness of the Thompson-LaGarde pistol, Colonel John T. Thompson said the new pistol "must be no smaller than .45 caliber" and will be semi-automatic at best.
This led to six gun manufacturers (Colt, Bergmann, Deutsche Waff and Municipalfabrik (DWM)) testing the pistol in 1906.
Three of the six proposed designs were dropped early, leaving only the Savage, Colt and DWM designs chambered in the new .45 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol) cartridge.
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All three had issues that needed to be fixed, but only Colt and Savage released their designs. There is some debate as to why the DWM was released - some felt there was prejudice and said the DWM design was primarily used as a "whipping boy" for Savoy and Colt pistols.
This is inconsistent with the preemption of the DWM design through the Colt and Steyr trials in 1900. However, a series of field trials were conducted between 1907 and 1911 to decide between the Savage and Colt designs.
Areas of success for Colt included a 1910 test involving its designer, John Browning. 6000 rounds were fired from one pistol in 2 days. After the gun got hot, it was dipped in water to cool it. Colt rifle was not reported, Savage designs were 37's.
After successful trials, the Colt pistol was officially adopted by the Army on March 29, 1911, and was designated the Model 1911, later renamed the Model 1911 in 1917 and the M1911 in the mid-1920s. The Civilian Marksman began production of the M1911 pistol in August 1912 for members of the National Rifle Association. About 100 pistols were sold to the "N.R.A." sealed. serial number at Springfield Armory and made by Colt.
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The M1911 was officially adopted by the US Navy and Marine Corps in 1913. The .45 ACP "U.S. Army Model 1911" was used by both U.S. Army cavalry and infantry during the 1916 U.S. Punitive Expedition to Mexico against Pancho Villa.
A total of 68,533 M1911 pistols were delivered to the US Armed Forces in early 1917 by Colt's Patt Arms Manufacturing Company and the US Government's Springfield Arms. However, the need to expand the US armed forces and the increased demand for weapons during World War I led to the expansion of production to contractors other than Colt and Springfield Armory, including Remington-UMC and the North American Arms Co. of Quebec. .
Several other manufacturers were ordered to produce the M1911, including the National Cash Register Company, Savage Arms Company, Caron Brothers Manufacturing of Montreal, Burroughs Compounding Machine Co. canceling contracts before the pistol is made.
Field experience during World War I led to some minor exterior changes that ended in 1924. The new version received the modified type designation M1911A1 in 1926, the serial numbers of the M1911A1 were to exceed 700,000 with a lower serial number than the M1911.
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Modifications to the original design of the M1911A1 include a shorter trigger, cutouts in the frame behind the trigger, a domed stock, a longer trigger safety (to allow the hammer to cock), a wider sight, a shortened hammer, and simplification. fixed check (removal of the "Two Diamonds" relief).
These changes were subtle and were primarily intended to make it easier for small hands to shoot the pistol. No major internal changes were made, and parts were interchanged between the M1911 and M1911A1.
Working for the US Ordnance Office, David Marshall Williams developed the M1911 .22 training rifle, which used a floating chamber similar to the .45 version of the .22 long rifle.
It was available in both the Colt Service Ace pistol and as a conversion kit for the .45 M1911 pistol.
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Before World War II, 500 M1911s were produced by the Norwegian arms factory Kongsberg Vaapfabrik as a Model 1912 submachine gun. Production then moved to a modified version of the pistol model 1914, unofficially known as the "Kongsberg Colt". The M/1914 pistol is known for its unusual extended slide stop, which was mandated by the Norwegian Weapons Authority. 2214 was produced between 1914 and 1940, but was revived after the German occupation of Norway in 1940 and 10,000 pistols were produced as 657(n) for the German armed forces.
Between 1927 and 1966, 102,000 M1911 pistols were produced in Argentina as the Sistema Colt Modelo 1927, originally by the Dirección Geral de Fabricaciones Militares. A similar weapon was designed and manufactured by Ballester-Molina.
The M1911 and M1911A1 pistols were also ordered from Colt or manufactured in modified form, including in Brazil (M1937 Treaty pistol), Mexico (M1911 Mexican Treaty).
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